Жилые здания в ревите
Amid preparations for the national project "Infrastructure for Life," which will be launched in 2025, issues of housing development in a broad sense became a virtually independent topic of discussion at the recent St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF). According to expert estimates, the capital intensity of major infrastructure projects in the Russian Federation through 2030 will reach 70 trillion rubles. The implementation of at least half of these projects could contribute 1% to annual GDP growth.
While the government is actively working to flesh out the new national projects, scheduled through 2030, one of the priorities—infrastructure development in its broad sense, including housing—was discussed at length at various SPIEF sessions. The national project "Infrastructure for Life" itself will be built primarily around housing construction. In developing the national project, the government intends to combine existing related state programs to synchronize the delivery of housing and infrastructure.
st. Golyanovo is a residential building with underground parking under the renovation program. General ventilation and smoke removal are designed in Revit 2022.
The most effective ventilation for bathrooms and kitchens is steel air ducts (compared to satellite ventilation units), where the top two floors are separated by separate ventilation ducts with domestic fans. This is because the top two floors of residential buildings are poorly ventilated by natural ventilation, and ventilation can sometimes reverse during warmer months.
Rooftop machine rooms should not contain air ducts serving other rooms. For this purpose, a technical floor is created for the installation of utilities and bypassing these rooms.
The distance between the smoke ventilation outlet and the intake of fresh smoke air must be at least 6 meters.
All air ducts installed outdoors in insulation are covered with a jacket for protection.
When issuing orders for vertical shafts, orders are also issued for installation openings for the air ducts installed in these shafts.
Air velocities in forced ventilation ducts are no more than 4 m/s for comfortable noise levels. In natural ventilation ducts, air velocities are up to 1.5 m/s for normal ventilation operation.
Below is the renovation project: Lyublinskaya Street, Building 52.
Engineering systems on the roof of a residential complex.
For residential heating systems, Audytor SET v.7.2 is used to calculate heating system calculations. These calculations demonstrate the potential for errors in a two-pipe heating system on the top floors (for 2-3 standard sizes) without taking into account the cooling of the liquid in the pipes. Even with manifold piping, given its large diameter (φ16), low velocity, and good insulation, errors in the design of heating units can still occur.
For smoke removal, it is important to consider the gravitational pressure head in aerodynamic calculations. This reduces the total fan pressure. In high-rise buildings, the force of gravity can be so strong that an exhaust fan is practically unnecessary. (This applies to high combustion product temperatures and the temperature difference with the outside.)
Example of a completed project on Sovkhoznaya Street: smoke removal in Revit
Smoke ventilation - axonometry:
Forced ventilation in Revit for bathrooms, bathrooms, and kitchens in a residential building (satellite systems):
