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The design of building heating takes the first place among all engineering systems. Properly performed thermal engineering calculations, heat losses, and thermal calculations will play an important role in maintaining the temperature and humidity regime not only for humans, but also for the building, in order to maintain its durability, dew point conditions, and a comfortable microclimate. Depending on the type of structural and planning solutions of the building, heating can be two-pipe or single-pipe. Also, depending on the number of floors of the building, the heating system can be single-pipe, double-pipe. In high-rise residential complexes, zonal heating is used with a collector adjustable heating system by floor and apartment-by-apartment heat accounting. Heating cabinets are usually located in technical rooms or special shafts. In cottages, collector wiring of the heating system, underfloor heating, warm walls, warm ceilings, and cold ceilings are most often used. Stairs can also be heated in individual construction. Considerable experience in the Semidion team, individual regulation of heating systems, the use of modern and reliable equipment of Russian brands (import substitution) allows us to make the heating design process and further operations reliable and of high quality.

The author's and technical supervision makes it possible to avoid violating design standards in heating systems, and will not lead to technical errors during operation. 

You can buy a heating project for a house, cottage, apartment and agree on its cost through feedback. Or see the preliminary price here.Hydraulic calculations of the heating, heat supply, and cold supply pipelines can be downloaded here. The calculation of heat loss can be viewed here.  The example of heating and underfloor heating was made for a well-known customer, Anton Vaino, Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation.

An example of an axonometric heating scheme for an apartment building with a single-pipe heating system:

Customers and designers often use PP pipes in their projects. However, they do not take into account some restrictions: the maximum temperature and the period of operation. And manufacturers are deceitful and overestimate the data on the use of PP pipes. Below you can see GOST 32415-2013, table 5, 5th class of operation.: Table 5

The data in the table can also be applied to heat supply. If the temperature schedule is not high, no higher than 80C, it is possible to use plastic pipes for heating. The use of PP (polypropylene) pipes is also prohibited due to its high diffusion capacity, as indicated by the decree of the government and the joint Venture, see below: No. 985 dated 07/04/2020 item 6.3.1 of SP 60.13330.2016 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" was included in the list of mandatory requirements in the territory Of the Russian Federation. Contents of clause 6.3.1 of SP 60.13330.2016 (excerpt): "Polymer pipes used in heating systems in conjunction with metal pipes or with devices and equipment that have restrictions on the content of dissolved oxygen in the coolant must have oxygen permeability of no more than 0.1 g/(m3 · day)." This is especially true for Russian and Chinese pipes. There are European PP pipes that meet these requirements. The MP pipe requirement must meet a system pressure of at least 8 bar. For example, 4 bar of heating loss and 2 times the hydraulic test pressure. T/o it is possible to use pipes with a pressure of 10 bar. These pipes are available from the manufacturer Henco.

Расчет точки росы в стене жилого дома ,конденсации влаги

The second critical case is when the indoor humidity is above 40%. There is only one way out - to make a ventilated, insulated, hinged facade with waterproofing. The main thing is that the insulation should be outside the building and protect the entire wall from condensation, not inside the room. With a humidity of 15%, which is in the apartment under normal winter conditions, no measures are required and the wall is not destroyed by moisture.